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''Marie Victoire'' Sophie de Noailles, Countess of Toulouse (Versailles, 6 May 1688 – Paris, 30 September 1766), was the daughter of Anne Jules de Noailles, the 2nd Duke of Noailles, and his wife, Marie-Françoise de Bournonville. Her second husband was Louis Alexandre de Bourbon, Count of Toulouse, the youngest legitimised son of King Louis XIV of France and his maîtresse-en-titre, Madame de Montespan. ==Biography== Marie Victoire was born at Versailles on 6 May 1688. She was one of twenty children. Many of her sisters married into important noble families in France. Her sister Marie Christine married Antoine de Gramont, ''duc de Guiche'' in 1687. Another sister, Lucie Félicité, married the ''Maréchal d'Estrées'', great-nephew of King Henri IV's famous mistress, Gabrielle d'Estrées. Yet another sister married Charles de Baume Le Blanc, the nephew of Louise de La Vallière, and became the mother of Louis César de La Baume Le Blanc. In 1707, Marie Victoire married Louis de Pardaillan de Gondrin, whose father, Louis Antoine de Pardaillan de Gondrin, was the son of Louis Henri de Pardaillan de Gondrin, ''marquis de Montespan'' (1640–1701) and of his wife, Françoise Athénaïs de Rochechouart de Mortemart, ''marquise de Montespan''. Thus, while her first husband was the grandson of ''Madame de Montespan'', the second, the ''comte de Toulouse'' (1678–1737), who was the son of Madame de Montespan with Louis XIV, was her first husband's uncle, ten years younger than his nephew. At the time of her first marriage, Marie Victoire, marquise de Gondrin, was a ''dame du palais'' to the king's granddaughter-in-law, the duchesse de Bourgogne, future Dauphine of France and mother of King Louis XV. From her first marriage, Marie Victoire had two children: *Louis de Pardaillan de Gondrin (1707–1743), Duke of Antin; married Françoise Gillonne de Montmorency-Luxembourg and had issue; *Antoine François de Pardaillan de Gondrin (1709–1741), Marquis of Gondrin; died unmarried; In 1712, both her husband, and the ''duchesse de Bourgogne'', died. On 2 February 1723, Marie Victoire married, in a secret ceremony, the ''comte de Toulouse'', the legitimised younger son of Louis XIV and Madame de Montespan. The marriage was announced only after the death of the Régent in December of the same year.〔Lenotre, G. ''Le Château de Rambouillet, six siècles d'histoire'', Calmann-Lévy, Paris, 1930, reprint by Denoël, Paris, 1984, Chapter 3, ''Chez le fils du Roi-Soleil'', pp. 45-46 (French)〕 When she married the ''comte de Toulouse'', Marie Victoire became the : *Countess of Toulouse *Duchess of Vendôme *Duchess of Rambouillet *Duchess of Arc-en-Barrois *Duchess of Châteauvillain *Duchess of Penthièvre After two years of marriage, Marie Victoire gave birth to the couple's only child, a son, the sole heir of his father: *Louis Jean Marie de Bourbon (1725–1793), ''duc de Penthièvre'' who was the founder of the ''House of Bourbon-Penthièvre''. The ''comte'' and ''comtesse de Toulouse'' had official rooms at Versailles. Their apartments, which later were given to the daughters of the new king, Louis XV, were situated on the ground floor of the palace and were the former suite of rooms which had belonged to the comte's mother, ''Madame de Montespan''. The ''comte de Toulouse'' died in December 1737. In 1744, Marie Victoire helped to arrange the marriage of her son. The chosen bride was an Italian princess, ''Marie Thérèse Félicité d'Este'', who was also a descendant of ''Madame de Montespan''. The bride was the granddaughter of Françoise-Marie de Bourbon, sister of the ''comte de Toulouse'', who had married the ''duc d'Orléans'', ''Régent'' of France during the minority of King Louis XV. Marie Victoire had a very good relationship with the young Louis XV, who was her son's godfather. According to Nancy Mitford's book on Madame de Pompadour, she was the only woman who was allowed to see the young king without an official appointment. She also had access to all of his private papers of state. After his mother died when he was only two years old, Marie Victoire became the nearest female family member to the motherless child.〔Madame de Pompadour by Nancy Mitford〕 On 30 September 1766, the Marie Victoire died at the Hôtel de Toulouse, the Parisian townhouse bought by her husband in 1713. She was buried beside her husband in the family crypt at the church of the then village of Rambouillet, but later her body and that of her husband were removed by their son, the ''duc de Penthièvre'', to the Collégiale de Saint-Etienne de Dreux, after he had sold the Château de Rambouillet and its vast domain to King Louis XVI in 1783.〔ib. Lenotre, chapter 5, ''Le prince des pauvres'', p. 79.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Marie Victoire de Noailles」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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